CAPF | Central Armed Police Forces | Indian Defence Force
The Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) refers to uniform
nomenclature of five security forces in India under the
authority of Ministry of Home Affairs. Their role is to defend the national interest mainly
against the internal threats. They are the Assam Rifles (AR), National Security Guards (NSG), Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB),Border Security Force (BSF), Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF), Central Industrial Security Force (CISF), Indo-Tibetan Border Police (ITBP)
Organisation and leadership
Central Armed Police Forces are organized
with the primary role of border guarding for BSF, ITBP, SSB; Security of
sensitive establishments by CISF, Assisting Police to tackle Law & Order,
Counter-Terrorist Operations, Counter Naxal Operations by CRPF, NSG. Apart from
the primary role, all CAPFs are involved in assisting Police in Law & Order
situations and also Army in Counter-Terrorist Operations. BSF & CRPF have
assisted the army during external aggression in the past. CAPFs work along with
both Army & Police in different roles assigned to them.
Central Armed Police Forces personnel also
serve in various important organisations such as Research and Analysis Wing (RAW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB) on
deputation and have attachment/training in various levels/formations/courses
along with Indian Army. Their role and performance,
therefore, assumes a great significance due to the special features of an
emergency force which is pressed in aid to the civil power to perform multiple
roles in extremely difficult situations.
Organized Group ‘A’ Service (OGAS) to Group
‘A’ Executive Cadre Officers
Supreme Court Ruling
On 5 February 2019, the Supreme Court of
India ruled that all CAPFs would be granted better pay benefits or
Non-Functional Financial Upgradation (NFFU), and the status of Organised
Group ‘A’ Services (OGAS), ending a nearly decade-long battle for the central
armed police. In a landmark judgment by Justices Rohinton Fali Nariman and M R
Shah, the court said the CAPF officers–from BSF, CRPF, SSB, ITBP, and CISF–
will now be granted the NFFU and will be considered as organized group A
Central Services. As Assam Rifles Cadre officers are not covered under this as
they do not come under categorisation of CAPFs.
Approval By Cabinet
In July 2019, Union Cabinet granted Organized
Group 'A' Service (OGAS) status to Group 'A' executive cadre officers of the
Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF). It also extended the benefit of
Non-Functional Financial Upgradation(NFFU) and Non-Functional Selection Grade
(NFSG) to the executive cadre officers at an enhanced rate of 30%.
Women in the Central Armed Police Forces
Initially, women were not recruited for the
Central Armed Police Forces. In 1992 Asha Sinha created
history by being the first Woman Commandant of any of the Central Armed Forces
in India when she was selected as Commandant, Central Industrial Security Force,
for Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Limited.
Earlier the role of Women was allowed but limited to supervisory roles in the
Central Armed Police Forces. The Parliamentary Committees of India for
women's empowerment recommended greater roles for women in the CAPF. On these
recommendations, the Ministry of Home Affairs declared
reservation for women in constabulary in paramilitary forces, and later
declared that they can also be inducted as officers in combat roles in all five
Central Armed Police Forces. The Union Home Minister announced that
women's representation in the CRPF and CISF would be made 15 percent while it
would be 5 percent in the BSF, ITBP and SSB. On 5 January 2016, it was decided
that 33 percent of posts at the constabulary level would be reserved for women
in the CRPF and the CISF to begin with, and 14-15 percent of posts at the
constable level in the BSF, SSB and ITBP in a phased manner, Rijiju said. In
2016, an IPS Officer Archana Ramasundaram of 1980 Batch rewrote history when
she became the first woman to become the Director General of Police of a
Paramilitary Force as DG, Sashastra Seema Bal.
The Central Reserve Police Force is the
largest of the Central Armed Police Forces units with 313,678 personnel in 245
battalions. The Central Reserve Police includes:
·
The Rapid Action Force (RAF), a 15 battalion
anti-riot force trained to respond to sectarian violence.
·
The Commando Battalion for Resolute
Action (COBRA), a 10 battalion strong anti-Naxalite/COIN force.
The primary role of the Border Security Force is to guard
the Indo-Pakistan and Indo-Bangladesh borders, it is
deployed both on the international border and the LOC.
The BSF also has active roles during times of war. It has 257,363 personnel in
186 battalions.
Central
Industrial Security Force (CISF)
One of the largest industrial security forces in the
world, the Central Industrial Security Force provides
security to various Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs)
and other critical infrastructure installations, major airports across the country and
provides security during elections and other internal
security duties and VVIP protection. It has a total
strength of about 144,418 personnel in 132 battalions. including 9 reserve
battalions.
Indo-Tibetan
Border Police (ITBP)
The Indo-Tibetan Border Police is
deployed for guarding duties on the Indo-China border from Karakoram
Pass in Ladakh to Diphu Pass in Arunachal
Pradesh covering a total distance of 3488 km. It has
89,432 personnel in 56 fighting, 2 DM and 4 specialized battalions.
Sashastra Seema
Bal (SSB)
The objective of the Sashastra Seema Bal (English: Armed
Border Force) is to guard the Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan borders. It has 76,337
personnel and 67 battalions, as well as some reserved battalions.
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